Lesson 49 of 50 · いらっしゃいます・召し上がります · みんなの日本語 第49課 · N4

Story voice: 〜 N3–N2 Japanese — above this lesson’s level, on purpose. Your target is the Key Sentences.

Episode 49: In His Presence

Mini Story

Beyond the tall doors, the one who moved everything from the shadows — the Chairman. Even the air changes its words in his presence.高大的门后，是那个在暗处推动一切的人物——会长。在他面前，连空气都会换一种说法。高大的門後，是那個在暗處推動一切的人物——會長。在他面前，連空氣都會換一種說法。Sau những cánh cửa cao, là người điều khiển tất cả từ trong bóng tối — ngài Chủ tịch. Trước mặt ông, đến không khí cũng đổi cách ăn nói.
高たかtakaい扉とびらtobiraの奥おくokuに、すべてを陰かげkageから動うごugoかす人物じんぶつjinbutsu ──会長かいちょうkaichouが いた。空気くうきkuukiさえ、彼かれkareの前まえmaeでは言葉ことばkotobaを変かkaえる。

The secretary spoke in the most careful words she had. “The Chairman has just returned,” she said.秘书用最恭敬的措辞说：「会长刚刚回来了。」祕書用最恭敬的措辭說：「會長剛剛回來了。」Cô thư ký nói bằng những lời lễ độ nhất. “Ngài Chủ tịch vừa trở về,” cô nói.
秘書ひしょhishoは、最もっとmottoも丁寧ていねいteineiな言葉ことばkotobaで語かたkataった。「会長かいちょうkaichouは今いまima、お戻もどmodoりに なりました」と。

“What will you have?” she asked, offering tea. The Chairman only nodded.「您用点什么？」她奉上茶。会长只是点了点头。「您用點什麼？」她奉上茶。會長只是點了點頭。“Ngài dùng gì ạ?” — cô dâng trà. Ngài Chủ tịch chỉ khẽ gật đầu.
「何なにnaniを召めmeし上あaがりますか」と彼女かのじょkanojoは茶ちゃchaを差さsaし出だdaした。会長かいちょうkaichouは ただ うなずいた。

The Chairman raised a hand toward the papers. “Have you seen this?” — the question was in his eyes.会长朝文件抬起手。「这份您过目了吗」——他的眼睛在问。會長朝檔案抬起手。「這份您過目了嗎」——他的眼睛在問。Ngài Chủ tịch đưa tay về phía tập tài liệu. “Ông đã xem cái này chưa?” — đôi mắt ấy đặt câu hỏi.
会長かいちょうkaichouは書類しょるいshoruiへ手てteを上あaげた。「これを ご覧らんranに なりましたか」── その目めmeが問とtoうていた。

At last, the Chairman spoke, his voice low. Mike bowed his head — “Please, this way. Do come in.”终于，会长开口了，声音很低。麦克低下头——「请往这边，请进」。終於，會長開口了，聲音很低。麥克低下頭——「請往這邊，請進」。Cuối cùng, ngài Chủ tịch lên tiếng, giọng trầm thấp. Mike cúi đầu — “Xin mời, lối này. Mời vào.”
ついに会長かいちょうkaichouが口くちkuchiを開ひらhiraいた、低ひくhikuい声こえkoeで。マイクは頭あたまatamaを下さsaげた ──「どうぞ、こちらへ お入はいhaiりください」。

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Key Sentences

1. Special honorific: いらっしゃいます (be/go/come)

2. お + V-ます形かたちkatachi + になります (general respect)

3. Special honorific: 召めmeし上あaがります (eat/drink)

4. Special honorific: ご覧らんranになります (see)

5. お + V-ます形かたちkatachi + ください (respectful request)

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Practice out loud

Say the answer before you look. The same sentences you just read — now from your own mouth.

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Vocabulary

日本語	English	简体	繁體	Tiếng Việt
いらっしゃいます 会長かいちょうkaichouは 会議室かいぎしつkaigishitsuに いらっしゃいます。	be / go / come (respect) The Chairman is in the meeting room.	在/去/来（尊敬） 会长在会议室。	在/去/來（尊敬） 會長在會議室。	có / đi / đến (kính) Chủ tịch đang ở phòng họp.
召めmeし上あaがります 会長かいちょうkaichouは コーヒーを 召めmeし上あaがります。	eat / drink (respect) The Chairman will have coffee.	用（吃/喝，尊敬） 会长要喝咖啡。	用（吃/喝，尊敬） 會長要喝咖啡。	dùng (ăn/uống, kính) Chủ tịch dùng cà phê.
おっしゃいます 会長かいちょうkaichouは 何なんnanと おっしゃいましたか。	say (respect) What did the Chairman say?	说（尊敬） 会长说了什么？	說（尊敬） 會長說了什麼？	nói (kính) Chủ tịch đã nói gì ạ?
ご覧らんranに なります この 書類しょるいshoruiを ご覧らんranに なりましたか。	see / look (respect) Have you seen this document, sir?	看（尊敬） 这份文件，您过目了吗？	看（尊敬） 這份文件，您過目了嗎？	xem (kính) Ngài đã xem tài liệu này chưa ạ?
なさいます 会長かいちょうkaichouは 何なにnaniを なさいますか。	do (respect) What will the Chairman do?	做（尊敬） 会长要做什么？	做（尊敬） 會長要做什麼？	làm (kính) Chủ tịch định làm gì ạ?
ご存ぞんzonじです 会長かいちょうkaichouは もう ご存ぞんzonじです。	know (respect) The Chairman already knows.	知道（尊敬） 会长已经知道了。	知道（尊敬） 會長已經知道了。	biết (kính) Chủ tịch đã biết rồi.
会長かいちょうkaichou 会長かいちょうkaichouは もう お戻もどmodoりに なりました。	chairman The Chairman has already returned.	会长 会长已经回来了。	會長 會長已經回來了。	chủ tịch Chủ tịch đã trở về rồi.
秘書ひしょhisho 秘書ひしょhishoの 方かたkataが いらっしゃいました。	secretary The secretary has arrived.	秘书 秘书来了。	祕書 祕書來了。	thư ký Vị thư ký đã đến.

Practice these words →

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Honorific Verb Reference

Ordinary	尊敬語 (respect the actor)
いる・行いiく・来くkuる	いらっしゃいます / おいでになります
食たtaべる・飲のnoむ	召めmeし上あaがります
言いiう	おっしゃいます
見みmiる	ご覧らんranになります
する	なさいます
くれる	くださいます
知しshiっている	ご存ぞんzonじです
(general verb)	お + V-ます形かたちkatachi + になります

尊敬語そんけいごsonkeigo: respectful language — you lift the other person up by choosing a different verb.

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Grammar Patterns

謙譲語けんじょうごkenjougo: humble language — you step back yourself, and the other person is lifted by that.

Grammar Picture

• 目標文型this lesson’s pattern这一课的句型這一課的句型mẫu câu của bài này
• 名詞noun名词danh từ

Never use 尊敬語そんけいごsonkeigo about yourself

「私わたしwatashiが 召めmeし上あaがります」 is wrong — you can't honor your own action. For your own actions toward a superior, use 謙譲語けんじょうごkenjougo (L50): 私わたしwatashiが いたします / まいります. 尊敬そんけいsonkei = them up; 謙譲けんじょうkenjou = me down.

Don't double up (二重敬語にじゅうけいごnijuukeigo)

「お召めmeし上あaがりになる」 stacks two honorifics — over-polite and technically wrong. 召めmeし上あaがる is already respectful. Pick one layer, not two.

いらっしゃる covers three verbs

One word for いる・行いiく・来くkuる — context tells which. 先生せんせいsenseiは 教室きょうしつkyoushitsuに いらっしゃいます (is there) / 明日あしたashita いらっしゃいますか (will come/go). Its ます-form is irregular: いらっしゃいます.

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Roleplay Practice

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How do you say this in Japanese?

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How to Use This Lesson

For Self-Study (55-60 minutes)

1. Learn the seven special verbs (15 min) — drill the table until each comes instantly.
2. Practice お〜になります (10 min) — the general rule for everything else.
3. Practice Key Sentences (10 min).
4. Learn Vocabulary (8 min).
5. Read Mini Story (5 min) — In His Presence.
6. Roleplay (10 min) — speak about a superior using 尊敬語そんけいごsonkeigo.

For Teachers (click to expand)

For Teachers (60+ minutes — a stumbling-point lesson)

• Direction first (10 min): draw arrows — 尊敬そんけいsonkei lifts them up. Establish this before any form.
• Seven special verbs (20 min): flashcard the set; these matter more than the rule.
• お〜になります (10 min): the fallback rule for everything else; warn about 二重敬語にじゅうけいごnijuukeigo.
• Sort task (10 min): mixed honorific/humble verbs → students label 尊敬そんけいsonkei vs 謙譲けんじょうkenjou (preview L50).
• Service roleplay (15 min): hotel/office staff speaking to a guest.

Note: The deepest error is mixing 尊敬そんけいsonkei and 謙譲けんじょうkenjou. Teach them as a contrasting pair across L49-50, not in isolation.

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