Cinema にほんご
Cinema にほんご - Midnight Encounter / Episode 02
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Lesson 02 of 50 · これ・それ・あれ · みんなの日本語 第2課 · N5

Reading:

Episode 02: Clues in the Dark

Mini Story

Mike investigating.

The room falls still. The woman is gone. Mike drops to one knee among shattered light and scattered papers, looking for something.房间静了下来。女人不见了。麦克单膝跪在地上——碎裂的光,和散开的文件,他在里面找什么。房間靜了下來。女人不見了。麥克單膝跪在地上——碎裂的光,和散開的文件,他在裡面找什麼。Căn phòng lặng xuống. Người phụ nữ đã không còn. Mike quỳ một chân xuống sàn — giữa thứ ánh sáng vỡ vụn và những tờ giấy tán ra, anh đang tìm một điều gì.

From the floor — a single pen.从地上——一支笔。就在手里,看得清清楚楚。從地上——一支筆。就在手裡,看得清清楚楚。Từ sàn nhà — một chiếc bút. Ngay trong tay, thấy rõ từng chi tiết.

これは ペンです。

His gaze swims across the room — a black eye set on a tripod.他的视线在房间里游——房间那一头,三脚架上,架着一只黑色的眼睛。离得有点远,看不太准。他的視線在房間裡游——房間那一頭,三腳架上,架著一隻黑色的眼睛。離得有點遠,看不太準。Mắt anh trôi qua căn phòng — ở phía bên kia, trên chân ba càng, một con mắt đen. Hơi xa, nhìn chưa rõ hẳn.

それは カメラですか?

One more. A contour swaying deep in the shadows. Mike narrows his eyes.还有一样。影子更深的地方,一个轮廓在晃。太远了,只看到那个形状。麦克眯起眼睛。還有一樣。影子更深的地方,一個輪廓在晃。太遠了,只看到那個形狀。麥克瞇起眼睛。Còn một thứ nữa. Sâu trong bóng tối, một hình bóng đang lay. Xa quá, chỉ thấy cái dáng ấy. Mike nheo mắt.

あれは なんnanですか?

On the desk, one book. He has seen it before.桌上,一本书。——他见过它。他认得这本书。这本书,是他自己的。桌上,一本書。——他見過它。他認得這本書。這本書,是他自己的。Trên bàn, một quyển sách. — Anh đã thấy nó trước đây. Anh nhận ra nó. Quyển sách này là của chính anh.

このほんhonわたしwatashiのです。


Key Sentences

Point at things and say.

1. Pointing nearby (これ)

これは ペンです。

  • This is a pen.
  • 这是钢笔。 / 這是鋼筆。
  • Đây là cây bút.

2. Pointing toward you (それ) — question

それは カメラですか?

  • Is that a camera?
  • 那是相机吗? / 那是相機嗎?
  • Đó là máy ảnh phải không?

3. Pointing far (あれ) — what is it?

あれは なんnanですか?

  • What is that (over there)?
  • 那是什么? / 那是什麼?
  • Cái kia là gì?

4. This + Noun (この N)

このほんhonわたしwatashiのです。

  • This book is mine.
  • 这本书是我的。 / 這本書是我的。
  • Cuốn sách này là của tôi.

Practice out loud

Say the answer before you look. The same sentences you just read — now from your own mouth.

Show
HQ

これは なんnanですか。

Mike

これは ペンです。

HQ

それは カメラですか。

Mike

はい、それは カメラです。

HQ

あれも カメラですか。

Mike

いいえ、あれは カメラじゃありません。あれは ほんhonです。

HQ

このほんhonは だれのですか。

Mike

このほんhonは わたしのです。

Now about you
HQ

それは なんnanですか。

You

your own answer

HQ

それは あなたのですか。

You

your own answer

Green — HQ asks you. Blue — Mike answers. Dashed — your turn.


Vocabulary

Memorize the words.

日本語English简体繁體Tiếng Việt
これ
これは なんnanですか。
this (near me)
What is this?

这是什么?

這是什麼?
cái này
Đây là cái gì?
それ
それは カメラですか。
that (near you)
Is that a camera?

那是相机吗?

那是相機嗎?
cái đó
Đó là máy ảnh phải không?
あれ
あれは ほんhonです。
that (over there)
That over there is a book.

那是书。

那是書。
cái kia
Kia là quyển sách.
この + N
このほんhonは わたしのです。
this N
This book is mine.
这个 N
这本书是我的。
這個 N
這本書是我的。
N này
Quyển sách này là của tôi.
その + N
そのペンは だれのですか。
that N (near you)
Whose pen is that?
那个 N
那支笔是谁的?
那個 N
那支筆是誰的?
N đó
Cây bút đó là của ai?
あの + N
あのカメラは マイクさんのです。
that N (far)
That camera over there is Mike's.
那个 N
那台相机是麦克的。
那個 N
那台相機是麥克的。
N kia
Máy ảnh kia là của anh Mike.
なんnan
それは なんnanですか。
what
What is that?
什么
那是什么?
什麼
那是什麼?
cái gì
Đó là cái gì?
ペン
これは わたしの ペンです。
pen
This is my pen.
钢笔
这是我的笔。
鋼筆
這是我的筆。
cây bút
Đây là cây bút của tôi.
カメラ
それは カメラじゃありません。
camera
That is not a camera.
相机
那不是相机。
相機
那不是相機。
máy ảnh
Đó không phải là máy ảnh.
ほんhon
あれは わたしの ほんhonです。
book
That over there is my book.

那是我的书。

那是我的書。
sách
Kia là quyển sách của tôi.
わたしwatashi
このカメラは わたしwatashiのです。
mine
This camera is mine.
我的
这台相机是我的。
我的
這台相機是我的。
của tôi
Máy ảnh này là của tôi.

Grammar Patterns

これ / それ / あれ.

これ / それ / あれは Nです。

Pointing at things: near me / near you / over there.

この / その / あの + N

Combined with a noun: this/that/that N.

〜は なんnanですか?

Asking 'what is ~?'

Grammar Picture

Where is the thing? speaker listener あなた これ それ あれ far from both どれ? (which?) Pattern 1 — Pointing: これ N です。 kosoado topic noun copula Pattern 2 — Modifying: この N kosoado + noun noun directly Pattern 3 — Asking: N ですか ? noun topic what copula+? Legend: こ・そ・あ (kosoado) noun particle (は) copula (です) question (何/どれ)
  • 目標文型this lesson’s pattern这一课的句型這一課的句型mẫu câu của bài này
  • 名詞noun名词danh từ
  • 助詞particle助词trợ từ
  • 述語sentence ending句尾句尾phần cuối câu
  • 疑問詞question word疑问词từ để hỏi

Need more detail? Open the sections below.

これ vs この — when to use which

「これ」 stands alone (= pronoun, refers to the object). 「この + N」 attaches to a noun (= determiner).

  • これは ペンです。 = This (thing) is a pen.
  • この ペンは わたしのです。 = This pen is mine.
Distance markers: こ / そ / あ / ど

The pattern is consistent across こそあど:

  • こ = near speaker (これ, この, ここ, こちら)
  • そ = near listener (それ, その, そこ, そちら)
  • あ = far from both (あれ, あの, あそこ, あちら)
  • ど = question (どれ, どの, どこ, どちら)
About なんnan (what)

なんnan」 (= what) is used to ask about things:

  • 「これは なんnanですか?」 = What is this?
  • 「あれは なんnanの カメラですか?」 = What kind of camera is that?

Reading: usually 「なん」 before 「で・と・の」, 「なに」 in other cases.


Roleplay Practice

With a partner or aloud.

Try this dialog with a partner (or aloud, switching roles).

Scene: Morning briefing. HQ shows Mike items recovered from the room.

HQ: ミラーさん、 これは なんnanですか?
(Miller, what is this?)

Mike: それは ペンです。
(That is a pen.)

HQ: あれは なんnanですか?
(What is that over there?)

Mike: あれは カメラです。
(That is a camera.)

HQ: その ほんhonだれdareのですか?
(Whose book is that?)

Mike: この ほんhonわたしwatashiのです。
(This book is mine.)

Switch roles. Then replace the items (ペン, カメラ, ほんhon) with things around you.


How do you say this in Japanese?

Test your understanding. Try first, then check.

Q1. How do you say 'This is a pen' in Japanese?

  • A. それは ペンです。
  • B. あれは ペンです。
  • C. これは ペンです。
Show answer

✓ C. これは ペンです。

「これ」 = near me (the speaker is holding/touching it).

Q2. Pick the correct pattern for 'What is that (over there)?'

  • A. あれは なんnan ですか?
  • B. それは なんnan ですか?
  • C. これは なんnan ですか?
Show answer

✓ A. あれは なんnan ですか?

「あれ」 = far from both. 「なんnan (なん)」 = what.

Q3. Which is correct: 'This book is mine'?

  • A. これ ほんhonわたしwatashiのです。
  • B. この ほんhonわたしwatashiのです。
  • C. あの ほんhonわたしwatashiのです。
Show answer

✓ B. この ほんhonわたしwatashiのです。

「この + N」 (with noun) vs 「これ」 (alone). 「このほんhon」 = this book.

Q4. In the Mini Story, when Mike sees something far away, he says:

  • A. これは なんnanですか?
  • B. それは なんnanですか?
  • C. あれは なんnanですか?
Show answer

✓ C. あれは なんnanですか?

The object is far (in the shadows) — use あれ.

Q5. Look around you. Choose one object and write 'This/That [object] is [yours/something].'

No right answer.

Show answer

Sample answers:

  • これは ほんhonです。 = This is a book.
  • あれは カメラです。 = That is a camera.
  • この ほんhonわたしwatashiのです。 = This book is mine.

Share yours with @cinemanihongo · #CinemaNihongo



How to Use This Lesson

Read the sections in the order they appear. About 40 minutes.
Tomorrow, come back — repeat steps 3 and 6.

For Teachers

For Teachers (45-60 minutes in class)

  • Warm-up (5 min): Point at objects in the room and ask in the target language: "what is this?"
  • Story reading (10 min): Read Mini Story together. Discuss "What objects did Mike find?"
  • Pointing drill (10 min): In pairs, point at items and practice これ / それ / あれ.
  • Roleplay (15 min): The HQ dialog. Switch roles. Then substitute with items in the classroom.
  • これ vs この drill (5 min): Show pictures, students must say with or without the noun attached.
  • Check Yourself (5-10 min): Individual quiz, group review.
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