Lesson 48 of 50 · 行かせます・待たせます · みんなの日本語 第48課 · N4

Story voice: 〜 N3–N2 Japanese — above this lesson’s level, on purpose. Your target is the Key Sentences.

Episode 48: By His Command

Mini Story

In this world, power is the right to move people. The chief does not move himself — he moves others.在这个世界里，权力就是让人动的权利。部长自己不动——他让别人动。在這個世界裡，權力就是讓人動的權利。部長自己不動——他讓別人動。Trong thế giới này, quyền lực là quyền khiến người khác hành động. Sếp không tự mình động tay — ông khiến người khác động.
この世界せかいsekaiで、力ちからchikaraとは人ひとhitoを動うごugoかす権利けんりkenriだ。部長ぶちょうbuchouは自みずかmizukaら動うごugoかない ── 人ひとhitoを動うごugoかす。

Mike himself once kept his comrades waiting in the cold — orders are orders.麦克自己，也曾让同伴在寒风里等——命令就是命令。麥克自己，也曾讓同伴在寒風裡等——命令就是命令。Chính Mike cũng từng để đồng đội chờ trong giá lạnh — mệnh lệnh là mệnh lệnh.
マイク自身じしんjishinも、仲間なかまnakamaを寒さむsamuい中なかnakaで待まmaたせた ── 命令めいれいmeireiは命令めいれいmeirei。

He sent one young agent ahead, into the dark of the corridor.他让一名年轻的特工，先走进黑暗的走廊深处。他讓一名年輕的特工，先走進黑暗的走廊深處。Anh cho một đặc vụ trẻ đi trước, vào sâu trong hành lang tối.
若わかwakaい諜報員ちょうほういんchouhouinを一人ひとりhitori、暗くらkuraい廊下ろうかroukaの先さきsakiへ行いiかせた。

The wounded one, he sent home — even a spy keeps a small measure of mercy.受了伤的人，他让他回家——间谍也有，一点点的情分。受了傷的人，他讓他回家——間諜也有，一點點的情分。Người bị thương, anh cho về nhà — điệp viên cũng giữ, một chút lòng thương.
傷きずkizuついた者ものmonoは、家いえieへ帰かえkaeらせた ── スパイにも、わずかな情なさnasaけはある。

But for the most dangerous task, Mike stepped forward himself. “Let me go,” he said.但最危险的任务，麦克自己站了出来。「请让我去」。但最危險的任務，麥克自己站了出來。「請讓我去」。Nhưng nhiệm vụ nguy hiểm nhất, Mike tự mình bước lên. “Xin hãy để tôi đi.”
だが、最もっとmottoも危険きけんkikenな任務にんむninmuには、マイク自身じしんjishinが進すすsusuみ出でdeた。「私わたしwatashiに行いiかせてください」と。

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Key Sentences

1. 〜に … を させます (make/order someone to do)

2. 〜を + 自動詞じどうしjidoushi-causative (make someone do)

自動詞じどうしjidoushi: intransitive verb — the thing does it by itself; nobody is named as doing it.

3. 〜を 行いiかせます (send / let go — intransitive)

4. 〜を 帰かえkaeらせます (let someone go — permission)

5. V-causative-てください (please let me do)

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Practice out loud

Say the answer before you look. The same sentences you just read — now from your own mouth.

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Vocabulary

日本語	English	简体	繁體	Tiếng Việt
〜せる / させる 部長ぶちょうbuchouは マイクに 報告ほうこくhoukokuさせました。	causative — make / let someone do The manager made Mike report.	使役（让/叫） 部长让麦克做了报告。	使役（讓/叫） 部長讓麥克做了報告。	sai khiến (bắt/cho) Trưởng phòng bắt Mike báo cáo.
V-caus-てください わたしに 行いiかせて ください。	please let me ~ Please let me go.	请让我… 请让我去。	請讓我… 請讓我去。	xin cho tôi … Xin hãy để tôi đi.
命令めいれいmeireiします 部長ぶちょうbuchouが 命令めいれいmeireiしました。	to order, command The manager gave the order.	命令 部长下了命令。	命令 部長下了命令。	ra lệnh Trưởng phòng đã ra lệnh.
報告ほうこくhoukokuします 部下ぶかbukaに 報告ほうこくhoukokuさせます。	to report I'll have a subordinate report.	报告 我让部下报告。	報告 我讓部下報告。	báo cáo Tôi sẽ cho cấp dưới báo cáo.
部下ぶかbuka 部下ぶかbukaを 先さきsakiに 行いiかせました。	subordinate I sent a subordinate ahead.	部下 我让部下先走了。	部下 我讓部下先走了。	cấp dưới Tôi đã cho cấp dưới đi trước.
権利けんりkenri だれにも その 権利けんりkenriは ありません。	right (entitlement) No one has that right.	权利 谁都没有那个权利。	權利 誰都沒有那個權利。	quyền lợi Không ai có cái quyền đó.
情なさnasaけ 情なさnasaけは 要いiりません。	mercy, compassion I don't need pity.	情，怜悯 我不需要同情。	情，憐憫 我不需要同情。	lòng thương Tôi không cần thương hại.
傷きずkizuつきます 傷きずkizuついた 部下ぶかbukaを 帰かえkaeらせました。	to be hurt, wounded (also emotionally) I sent the wounded subordinate home.	受伤；（心）受到伤害 我让受伤的部下回去了。	受傷；（心）受到傷害 我讓受傷的部下回去了。	bị thương; bị tổn thương Tôi đã cho người cấp dưới bị thương về.

使役しえきshieki: causative — you make someone do something, or you let them.

Practice these words →

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Conjugation Reference

Group	Plain	Causative (せる/させる)	Rule
I (う-verbs)	行いiく	行いiかせる	final う-row → あ-row + せる
	待まmaつ	待まmaたせる
	飲のnoむ	飲のnoませる
II (る-verbs)	食たtaべる	食たtaべさせる	drop る → + させる
	見みmiる	見みmiさせる
III (irregular)	する	させる	memorize
	来くkuる	来させる (こさせる)	memorize

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Grammar Patterns

Grammar Picture

• 目標文型this lesson’s pattern这一课的句型這一課的句型mẫu câu của bài này
• 名詞noun名词danh từ
• 述語sentence ending句尾句尾phần cuối câu

他動詞たどうしtadoushi: transitive verb — someone does it to the thing.

Why learners stumble here — and how to not

Two things pile up at once: a new conjugation AND a particle choice (を vs に). Practice them separately first: drill the form until automatic, then add particles. Don't try to do both in your head at the same time.

行いiかせる vs 行いiかせられる (a peek ahead)

This lesson is causative (make/let). Later you'll meet the causative-passive 行いiかせられる (be made to go — from the doer's unwilling point of view). For now, just notice they're different lenses on the same event.

Emotion causatives: 泣なnaかせる・笑えeわせる

Causatives also describe causing a feeling: 子供こどもkodomoを 泣なnaかせた (made the child cry), みんなを 笑えeわせた (made everyone laugh). The person who feels takes を.

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Roleplay Practice

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How do you say this in Japanese?

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How to Use This Lesson

For Self-Study (55-60 minutes)

1. Drill the form first (12 min) — use the conjugation table; say each causative aloud until automatic. Form before particles.
2. Add particles (10 min) — を for intransitive, に for transitive.
3. Practice Key Sentences (10 min).
4. Learn Vocabulary (8 min).
5. Read Mini Story (5 min) — By His Command.
6. Roleplay (10 min) — ask permission with 〜させてください.

For Teachers (click to expand)

For Teachers (60+ minutes — a stumbling-point lesson)

• Form first, in isolation (15 min): chorus the causative of 30 verbs by group before any sentence. Don't add particles yet.
• Particle layer (15 min): only now introduce を (intransitive) vs に (transitive). Sort verbs into the two buckets.
• Make vs let (10 min): same form, two readings — use scenario cards to decide 強制きょうせいkyousei or 許可きょかkyoka.
• させてください (10 min): workplace permission roleplay.
• Emotion causatives (10 min): 泣なnaかせる・笑えeわせる・困こまkomaらせる.

Note: The #1 error is conflating form and particle. Separate them deliberately. This sets up L49-50 keigo and the later causative-passive.

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