N4 Lesson 38 · Midnight Encounter / Season 2 · みんなの日本語 第 38 課

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Episode 38: The Weight of It

The case is heavier than it looks. Some loads are not meant for one person.

ひとりで この 荷物にもつnimotsuはこhakoぶのは 無理むりmuriです。

He has always preferred to work alone — fewer people, fewer leaks.

ひとりで 仕事しごとshigotoを するのが すきです。

But fatigue makes mistakes. He forgot to kill the lights.

でんきを keすのを わすwasuれました。

And one more thing he’s only just learned — the chief is about to step down.

ぶちょうが 退職たいしょくtaishokuするのを shiって いますか。


Key Sentences

1. V-のは … (the act of V-ing is …)

ひとりで この 荷物にもつnimotsuはこhakoぶのは 無理むりmuriです。

  • Carrying this load alone is impossible.
  • 一个人搬这件行李是不可能的。 / 一個人搬這件行李是不可能的。
  • Một mình mang hành lý này là không thể.

2. V-のが 好きです (like V-ing)

ひとりで 仕事しごとshigotoを するのが すきです。

  • I like working alone.
  • 我喜欢一个人工作。 / 我喜歡一個人工作。
  • Tôi thích làm việc một mình.

3. V-のを 忘れました (forgot to V)

でんきを keすのを わすwasuれました。

  • I forgot to turn off the lights.
  • 我忘了关灯。 / 我忘了關燈。
  • Tôi quên tắt đèn.

4. V-のを 知って いますか (know that …)

ぶちょうが 退職たいしょくtaishokuするのを shiって いますか。

  • Do you know that the chief is retiring?
  • 你知道部长要退休吗? / 你知道部長要退休嗎?
  • Bạn có biết trưởng phòng sắp nghỉ không?

Vocabulary

日本語English简体繁體Tiếng Việt
〜の (nominalizer)makes a verb into a noun(把动词名词化)(把動詞名詞化)(danh từ hóa)
〜のはthe act/fact of ~ (topic)…这件事(是)…這件事(是)việc ~ thì
〜のが~-ing (subject/object of like, etc.)…(喜欢…)…(喜歡…)việc ~
〜のを~-ing (object: forget/know/see…)…(忘记/知道…)…(忘記/知道…)việc ~
はこhakoびますto carry搬运搬運mang, vận chuyển
無理むりmuri(な)impossible, too much勉强,不可能勉強,不可能vô lý, không thể
わすwasuれますto forget忘记忘記quên
退職たいしょくtaishokuしますto retire, leave a job退职退職nghỉ việc

Grammar Patterns

V (plain) + の = a noun

Add の to a plain-form verb to turn the action into a noun: 運ぶ → 運ぶの (the carrying / to carry). Then use any particle: のは / のが / のを.

〜のは … / 〜のが …

のは makes the action the topic: 運ぶのは 無理です. のが marks it as subject/object of feelings & ability: 〜のが 好き / 上手 / 見えます.

〜のを (忘れる・知る・見る…)

Use のを with verbs that take an action as their object: 消すのを 忘れた (forgot to turn off), 〜のを 知っている (know that), 〜のを 見た (saw someone do).

Grammar Picture

の turns a verb into a noun 運ぶ+=運ぶの(the carrying) 運ぶの無理ですtopic するの好きですlike doing 消すの忘れましたforgot to は = topic / が = subject/object of feeling / を = object of forget/know/see
の vs こと — both nominalize

Both turn a verb into a noun. is preferred for things you directly perceive or do (見る・聞く・忘れる・好き). こと is preferred for facts, abilities, and set phrases (趣味は〜こと, 〜ことが できる). With 好き/上手, の is more natural.

〜のは … です — for emphasis

「父が 生まれたのは 北海道です」 = (The place) my father was born is Hokkaido. のは…です highlights one piece of information (a cleft sentence).


Roleplay Practice

相棒あいぼうaibou: 手伝てつだtetsudaいましょうか?
(Shall I help?)

マイク: はい。一人ひとりhitoriはこhakoぶのは 無理むりmuriです。
(Yes. Carrying it alone is impossible.)

相棒あいぼうaibou: あ、部長ぶちょうbuchou退職たいしょくtaishokuするのを shiって いますか?
(Oh, do you know the chief is retiring?)

マイク: いいえ、shiりませんでした。
(No, I didn’t know.)


How do you say this in Japanese?


How to Use This Lesson

For Self-Study (45 minutes)

  1. Read Grammar Patterns (5 min) — の as nominalizer; のは/のが/のを.
  2. Practice Key Sentences (10 min).
  3. Learn Vocabulary (10 min).
  4. Read Mini Story (5 min) — The Weight of It.
  5. Roleplay (10 min) — talk about what you like / forgot / know.
  6. Review tomorrow.
Check Yourself (click to expand)
Q1. 「一人で 運ぶ___ 無理です」 (carrying alone is impossible)
  • A. のは
  • B. のを
  • C. ので
Show answer

✓ A. のは — the action as topic.

Q2. 「音楽を 聞く___ 好きです」
  • A. のが
  • B. のは
  • C. のを
Show answer

✓ A. のが — object of 好き.

Q3. 「電気を 消す___ 忘れました」
  • A. のを
  • B. のは
  • C. のが
Show answer

✓ A. のを — object of 忘れる.

Q4. In the story, what did Mike forget?
  • A. To lock the safe
  • B. To turn off the lights
  • C. His passport
Show answer

✓ B. 電気を 消すのを 忘れた.

Q5. Say something you like doing with 〜のが 好きです.

Try 「〜のが 好きです」.

Show answer

Sample: 本を 読むのが 好きです。

For Teachers (click to expand)

For Teachers (45-60 minutes in class)

  • Nominalize drill (10 min): verb → 〜の; then attach は/が/を by context.
  • の vs こと (10 min): perception/feeling (の) vs facts/abilities (こと).
  • Likes & forgets (10 min): 〜のが好き / 〜のを忘れた sentences about themselves.
  • Roleplay (15 min): share what you know/forgot/like.

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