Lesson 42 of 50 · 〜ために・〜のに · みんなの日本語 第42課 · N4

Story voice: 〜 N3–N2 Japanese — above this lesson’s level, on purpose. Your target is the Key Sentences.

Episode 42: For a Purpose

Mini Story

For a Purpose.

That night, everything Mike did pointed at one thing — the mission. Everything had its reason.那一夜，麦克的每一个动作都指向同一件事——任务。每一步，都有理由。那一夜，麥克的每一個動作都指向同一件事——任務。每一步，都有理由。Đêm ấy, mọi hành động của Mike đều chỉ về một điều — nhiệm vụ. Tất cả, đều có lý do.
その夜よるyoru、マイクの すべての行動こうどうkoudouは一ひとhitoつの ことを指さsaしていた ── 任務にんむninmu。すべてに、理由りゆうriyuuが あった。

He crossed an ocean for a single purpose — to know the truth.他为了唯一的一个目的漂洋过海——为了知道真相。他為了唯一的一個目的漂洋過海——為了知道真相。Anh vượt đại dương vì một mục đích duy nhất — để biết sự thật.
彼かれkareは、たった一ひとhitoつの目的もくてきmokutekiの ために海うみumiを渡わたwataってきた ── 真実しんじつshinjitsuを 知しshiるために。

In his hand, the old brass key — not for a door. For a safe.手里，是那把老旧的黄铜钥匙——不是开门用的，是开保险柜用的。手裡，是那把老舊的黃銅鑰匙——不是開門用的，是開保險箱用的。Trong tay, chiếc chìa khóa đồng cũ kỹ — không phải cho cánh cửa. Mà cho két sắt.
手てteの中なかnakaに、古ふるfuruびた真鍮しんちゅうshinchuuの鍵かぎkagi ── ドアの ためではなく、金庫きんこkinkoの ために。

Just reaching the building took thirty minutes — through alleys, around cameras, in the dark.光是走到那栋楼，就花了三十分钟——穿过小巷，避开摄像头，一路在黑暗里。光是走到那棟樓，就花了三十分鐘——穿過小巷，避開攝影機，一路在黑暗裡。Chỉ riêng việc đến được toà nhà đã mất ba mươi phút — luồn qua các con hẻm, né những chiếc camera, trong bóng tối.
その建物たてものtatemonoに着つtsuくだけで30さんじゅっsanjuk分ぷんpunかかった ── 路地ろじrojiを抜ぬnuけ、カメラを避さsaけ、闇やみyamiの中なかnakaを。

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Key Sentences

1. N の ために (for the sake of N)

2. V-辞書形じしょけいjishokei ために (in order to V)

辞書形じしょけいjishokei: dictionary form — the shape you look a verb up in.

3. V-辞書形じしょけいjishokei のに 使つかtsukaいます (use it to V)

4. V-辞書形じしょけいjishokei のに …かかります (takes [time/money] to V)

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Practice out loud

Say the answer before you look. The same sentences you just read — now from your own mouth.

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Vocabulary

日本語	English	简体	繁體	Tiếng Việt
為ためtameに 任務にんむninmuの 為ためtameに、準備じゅんびjunbiを しました。	for the sake of, in order to I prepared for the mission.	为了 为了任务做了准备。	為了 為了任務做了準備。	vì, để Tôi đã chuẩn bị cho nhiệm vụ.
目的もくてきmokuteki 目的もくてきmokutekiは 真実しんじつshinjitsuを 知しshiる ことです。	purpose, goal The goal is to know the truth.	目的 目的是知道真相。	目的 目的是知道真相。	mục đích Mục đích là biết được sự thật.
任務にんむninmu この 任務にんむninmuの 為ためtameに 来きkiました。	mission, duty I came for this mission.	任务 我是为了这个任务来的。	任務 我是為了這個任務來的。	nhiệm vụ Tôi đến vì nhiệm vụ này.
金庫きんこkinko 金庫きんこkinkoを 開あaけるのに 30分ぷんpun かかりました。	safe, vault It took thirty minutes to open the safe.	保险柜 打开保险柜花了三十分钟。	保險箱 打開保險箱花了三十分鐘。	két sắt Mở két sắt mất ba mươi phút.
準備じゅんびjunbiします 出でdeかける 為ためtameに、準備じゅんびjunbiします。	to prepare I get ready to go out.	准备 为了出门做准备。	準備 為了出門做準備。	chuẩn bị Tôi chuẩn bị để ra ngoài.
開あaけます この 鍵かぎkagiは 金庫きんこkinkoを 開あaけるのに 使つかtsukaいます。	to open This key is used to open the safe.	打开 这把钥匙是用来开保险柜的。	打開 這把鑰匙是用來開保險箱的。	mở Chiếc chìa khóa này dùng để mở két sắt.
真実しんじつshinjitsu 真実しんじつshinjitsuを 知しshiる 為ためtameに、東京とうきょうtoukyouへ 来きkiました。	truth I came to Tokyo to learn the truth.	真相 为了知道真相，我来到了东京。	真相 為了知道真相，我來到了東京。	sự thật Để biết sự thật, tôi đã đến Tokyo.
かかります ここまで 来くkuるのに 一時間いちじかんichijikan かかりました。	to take (time/money) It took an hour to get here.	花费 到这里花了一个小时。	花費 到這裡花了一個小時。	tốn (thời gian/tiền) Đến được đây mất một tiếng.

Practice these words →

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Grammar Patterns

separate purpose (ために) from use/cost (のに).

Grammar Picture

• 名詞noun名词danh từ
• 述語sentence ending句尾句尾phần cuối câu

ために vs のに — what's the difference?

ために = a goal/reason (why you act). のに = a use or cost (what something is good for, or how much it takes). 「鍵かぎkagiを 作つくtsukuる ために お金かねkaneを 払はらharaった」 (paid in order to make a key) vs 「鍵かぎkagiを 作つくtsukuる のに お金かねkaneが かかった」 (it cost money to make the key).

Don't confuse this のに with 「〜のに (although)」

This lesson's のに attaches to a dictionary-form verb + 使つかtsukaう/便利べんりbenri/かかる. The "although" のに (L45) follows plain forms and shows contrast. Same kana, different job.

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Roleplay Practice

explain why you do something.

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How do you say this in Japanese?

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How to Use This Lesson

Read the sections in the order they appear. About 40 minutes.
Tomorrow, come back and say the Key Sentences again — that is where it sticks.

For Teachers

For Teachers (45-60 minutes in class)

• Sort task (10 min): give mixed sentences; students label each ために (purpose) or のに (use/cost).
• Pair drill (15 min): "Why do you ～?" → answer with ために.
• Tools (10 min): name objects, describe with 「〜のに使つかtsukaいます / 便利べんりbenriです」.
• Roleplay (15 min): explain a plan and its costs (のに かかります).

Note: Pre-empt the L45 「〜のに (although)」 confusion now — name the difference explicitly.

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← Lesson 41 | Midnight Encounter | Lesson 43 →

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